Author(s):
1. Valentina Veselinović, University of Banja Luka, Medical Faculty, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
2. Rebeka Rudolf, University of Maribor, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Slovenia
3. Nataša Trtić, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
4. Verica Pavlić, PHI Institute of Dentistry, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
5. Aleksandra Čairović, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Serbia

Abstract:
Oral infections are a common and serious clinical problem in patients who wear the mobile prosthesis. The lack of acrylic prosthesis materials are its susceptibility for microorganisms and consequently the formation of microbial biofilms, leading to the development of prosthetcs tissue supporting infections. Antibiotics have been used as an effective therapeutic agent againts infections for many years, but their unjustified and over-use has led to bacterial strains resistant to antibiotic therapy. The solution is sought in the development of new acrylic materials with the addition of antimicrobial nanoparticles acting in two directions: preventive, preventing adherence of bacteria and fungi on the surfaces of dental restorations and therapeutic, acting on microorganisms themselves. Nanoparticles are increasingly used as an alternative to antibiotics and fungicides in the fight against resistant strains of bacteria and fungi. Their advantage is that most of the mechanisms that bacteria can develop against antibiotics do not affect nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity of nanoparticles is performed by a combination of several different mechanisms including induction of oxidative stress, release of metal ions and non-oxidative mechanisms. Each of the mentioned mechanisms requires a special genetic mutation in the bacterial cell to develop resistance and for this reason bacteria are difficult to establish resistance to antibacterial nanoparticles, which is a great advantage of the application of nanoparticles in medicine and dentistry. Antimicrobial nanoparticles are applied in the form of surface coatings or they are diffused into the material itself. This paper discusses mechanisms of antimicrobial action of nanoparticles, and the current possibilities and limitations of this kind of therapy.

Key words:
nanoparticles,antimicrobial activity,acrylate for the prosthesis base,oral infections

Thematic field:
SYMPOSIUM B - Biomaterials and nanomedicine

Date of abstract submission:
21.07.2017.

Conference:
Contemporary Materials 2017 - Savremeni Materijali