Author(s):
1. Nevena Jokić, Medicinski fakultet Banja Luka , Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
2. Branka Rodić-Grabovac, Faculty of Technology Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
3. Ljiljana Topalić-Trivunović, Faculty of Technology Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract:
Plants of the genus Achillea (family Compositae) have many bioactive ingredients, among which flavonoid compounds are the most important. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that are widely distributed in the plant world and have various functions in the metabolism of the plants. This paper presents research results of the most important flavonoid compounds presented in Achillea species, including apigenin, luteolin, quercetin and their glucosides, as the most common compounds. Among flavonoid heterosides are found monoglycosides (mainly O-glucosides, C-glucosides and O-glucuronides) and diglycosides (O-diglucosides, C-diglucosides and O-rutinosides). Experiments have shown that flavonoids found in plants of this genus have a wide range of biological activities. Research conducted on guinea-pig terminal ilea showed spasmolytic activity of apigenin, luteolin and quercetin. It has been shown that luteolin and apigenin have estrogenic activity, and it is also important antidiabetic activity of luteolin as a result of inhibition of the enzyme α-glucosidase. On various cancer cell lines is shown that casticin and centaureidin, also important flavonoids of the genus Achillea, have anti-tumor activity, and the experiment conducted in rats showed antihypertensive activity of flavonoid artemetin. It is known that flavonoids have antioxidant activity, and this is also confirmed in Achillea species.

Key words:
Achillea,flavonoid compounds,biological activity

Thematic field:
General and Applied Chemistry

Date of abstract submission:
23.05.2016.

Conference:
XI Savjetovanje hemičara, tehnologa i ekologa Republike Srpske

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